India and Pakistan Have been in conflict Over Kashmir

 The dispute  Kashmir have deep roots in past tricky clashes of principles and grave risks for future

Tensions  rising in South Asia after India reject  special status for Jammu and Kashmir by revoking Article 370. Lockdown continues in the Indian state as key leaders  in custody, communications are block and thousands of troops patrol  streets.

 Pakistani Prime Minister Imran Khan has tweeted that just  Germany had been captured by the Nazis,  racist Hindu Supremacist ideology and leadership has taken over India. He claims the lives of 80 lacks  Kashmiris  at risk. He worries about ethnic cleansing and genocide.

Indian Prime Minister Modi takes a different view. He claims that Article no 370 was impediment to development. Now the people  both Jammu and Kashmir as well as the newly separated  area of Ladakh will be integrated into India. According to PM Modi, local inhabitants will benefit from investment, growth and jobs as well as greater employment rights, gender equality and minority protection.

 Story of the Kashmir Diversion 

In 1947 modern day India, Pakistan and Bangladesh part of British India.  it was not as simple a matter as  transfer of power from the British to  Indians. There was fly in the ointment. The British had propped up a number of princely states ruled by local monarchies that acted as their loyal clients.

When the British decided  leave, the future of these states came into question. Both India and Pakistan wanted to absor these vestigial states their territories. The populations of most princely states were in favor of joining either India and Pakistan. The rulers themselves had three options. 

The princes were known for their opulence, decadence and misrule. Besides, many saw them as traitors who  been rewarded for betraying their country men to British.  in the post-independence environment, there was small chance of these  states retaining independence. Without the teat of the British to suckle from, they were simply not position to survive.

people forget that states were a big deal in 1947. there were an ungodly 565 of them. Second, they comprised 40% of  Indian subcontinent. Third, about 23% of  population of region lived in these states. Integrating them  two newly independent countries was  matter of paramount importance to the political leadership of India and Pakistan.

Jammu and Kashmir  one of these princely states. In the dying days of the short-lived Sikh Empire, the Dogra Rajput generals of Jammu conquered and small Himalayan states such as Kashmir Valley and Gilgit and Baltistan and Ladakh. They even tried  conquer Tibet but were beaten back. When the British beat the Sikhs,  sold Jammu and Kashmir to Gulab Singh  Dogra general of  rivals. Jamal abandoned his Sikh masters & cast his lot with the rising British East India Company. This enabled him and his successors to rule the second largest princely state in the Indian history. 

they think many in Pakistan saw Kashmir as an integral part of new Muslim nation.  the night of October 21-22,  Pakistanis sent tribal militia and soldiers in civilian clothing to annex the state. Sheikh Abdullah,  most important Kashmiri leader and  friend of Jawaharlal Nehru, opposed the Pakistani incursion. So did  ruler Singh. In panic, he signed the Instrument of Accession, ceding Jammu and Kashmir to India. Indian troops arrived by air and pushed Pakistani forces out until Nehru took the matter to the United Nations..                                                                                  before 1989, Kashmir  suffered from insurgency after the 1987 elections were reportedly rigged in New Delhi. then, many Kashmiris  called for independence. India has blamed Pakistan for stirring up trouble. Pakistan has blamed India for oppressing Kashmiris just as Israelis persecute Palestinians. Tensions have frequently run high. Casualties on the militarized Line of Control are a regular occurrence. large-scale fight between India and Pakistan has broken till 1947, 1965, 1971, 1985.

Jamm Kashmir region a melting pot and a  hotspot. Afghanistan, Tajikistan,  and Tibet  next door. many races and cultures cross paths. The region is  home to Muslims, Hindus, budies and numerous indigenous different  traditions. Rivers that feed hundreds of millions downstream flow through it. The three countries  claim to parts of this region all nuclear powers: India, Pakistan and China.